init: /protocol replaces the ServiceId registry

A protocol is reached by name now, not by a compile-time integer. Init is
PID 1 and already knows which binary it started, so init serves /protocol
as a vfs backend: bind claims a contract with the provider's endpoint
attached, open answers with that endpoint as the reply's capability, and
readdir lists what is bound with the task and binary behind it. The kernel
reserves the prefix — nothing may mount over it, under it, or unmount it —
and ServiceId, ipc_register and ipc_lookup are gone, their syscall numbers
left vacant.

A bind is authorized by who the caller *is*: the kernel-stamped binary
together with the supervising task's identity, matched against
/system/configuration/protocol.csv. Identity, not spelling — spawn is
ungated, so an attacker can run any bundled binary, and a name-only rule
would have let it launder grants through an init of its own making. A name
a live process holds is refused to everyone else; a dead one's is released.

Three review rounds against a hostile ring-3 process found what 108 green
tests could not, because the suite contains no attacker. Publishing init's
supervision endpoint as the registry put PID 1's mailbox in every process's
hands, where two forged bytes reached the shutdown path: privileged traffic
is now believed only from the task that holds the contract it speaks for.
A capability arriving on a request outlived every path that ignored it,
one handle per call until the table was full — in init, and in the harness
ten services share — so the arriving capability is owned by the turn and
released unless a handler says otherwise. And the kernel let anyone holding
an endpoint handle aim signals, timers, exit notices and interrupts at it:
binding now requires having created it.

Suite 108/108. The new protocol-registry case asserts eleven properties,
each one an attack that must fail.
This commit is contained in:
Daniel Samson
2026-08-01 02:39:07 +01:00
parent 1ff0991452
commit 1379b699f3
66 changed files with 2191 additions and 392 deletions
+13 -20
View File
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
//! The **private kernel ↔ runtime** ABI: the raw system_call contract — the call
//! numbers, `mmap` protection flags, the page size those calls work in, and the IPC
//! name-registry ids and notification bit. Shared by the kernel dispatcher
//! notification bits. Shared by the kernel dispatcher
//! (system/kernel/process.zig) and the user-space runtime library (library/runtime/),
//! so the two can never drift.
//!
@@ -33,8 +33,13 @@ pub const SystemCall = enum(u64) {
mmap = 4, // mmap(len, prot) -> base: grant zeroed, page-aligned user pages
munmap = 5, // munmap(base, len): release pages from a prior mmap
create_ipc_endpoint = 6, // create_ipc_endpoint() -> handle: a new IPC endpoint
ipc_register = 7, // ipc_register(service_id, handle): publish an endpoint by well-known id
ipc_lookup = 8, // ipc_lookup(service_id) -> handle: find a published endpoint
// 7 and 8 were ipc_register/ipc_lookup — the flat ServiceId name registry,
// retired with the protocol namespace (docs/os-development/protocol-namespace.md).
// A service now binds its name at the registry (init, over /protocol) and a
// client resolves and opens that path; neither is a system call any more. The
// numbers stay vacant rather than being reused: every other entry is
// position-fixed by an explicit value, so a hole costs nothing and a reused
// number would silently mean two things across a rebuild boundary.
ipc_call = 9, // ipc_call(h, message, len, reply, cap) -> reply_len: send + block for reply
ipc_reply_wait = 10, // ipc_reply_wait(h, reply, len, receive, cap) -> receive_len (+badge in rdx)
device_enumerate = 11, // device_enumerate(buffer, maximum) -> count: snapshot the device table
@@ -284,23 +289,11 @@ pub const KlogStatus = extern struct {
boot_unix_seconds: u64, // wall-clock time of boot (RTC anchor)
};
/// Well-known IPC service ids for the bootstrap name registry (create_ipc_endpoint +
/// ipc_register/ipc_lookup). Small integers, so no string interning is needed
/// during bring-up. The VFS server registers under `vfs`; clients look it up.
pub const ServiceId = enum(u32) {
vfs = 1, // RETIRED: the router moved into the kernel (fs_resolve); the slot stays reserved
input = 2,
ps2_bus = 3, // the 8042 owner; child device drivers attach here for raw bytes
device_manager = 4, // the tree, the matcher, the supervisor (docs/device-manager.md)
power = 5, // system power: events (button, lid, battery) + shutdown (docs/power.md; domain-named per docs/discovery.md — the acpi service registers it on x86, a PSCI service will on ARM)
usb_bus = 6, // the xHCI host-controller driver's transfer endpoint; USB class drivers look it up and `callCap`-open their device to get a private per-device transfer channel (docs/driver-model.md)
block = 7, // a block-device driver (USB mass storage today): read/write of fixed-size blocks, the storage a filesystem sits on
fat = 8, // the FAT filesystem server; the VFS mounts it and forwards paths under its mount point (/volumes/usb) to it
display = 9, // the display service: owns the framebuffer, composites a layer stack, presents frames (docs/display.md)
shared_memory_test = 10, // the shared-memory test server (V2): a client passes it a shared-memory capability, it maps + verifies (docs/display-v2.md)
scanout = 11, // a native scanout driver (virtio-gpu): the compositor finds it here to upgrade off the GOP framebuffer (docs/display-v2.md)
_,
};
// The `ServiceId` enum lived here: a flat, compile-time list of well-known
// service ids backed by a 16-slot kernel table. It is gone with the protocol
// namespace — names are strings resolved under `/protocol` at run time, so a
// third-party program can introduce a contract the ABI never heard of, and the
// registrar (init) decides who may claim one.
/// Protection flags for `mmap` (matching the usual C bit values).
pub const prot_read: u64 = 1;