569 lines
20 KiB
Zig
569 lines
20 KiB
Zig
//! PCI class-code decoding: turn the (class, subclass, prog-IF) triple a PCI function
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//! reports in its configuration header into human-readable names. Every PCI function
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//! carries a 24-bit class code — base class (config byte 0x0B), subclass (0x0A), and
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//! programming interface (0x09) — that says *what it is* far more precisely than
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//! danos's coarse `DeviceClass`: an ISA bridge, a SATA/AHCI controller, and an xHCI USB
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//! controller are all just `pci_device` by class, and only this triple tells them
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//! apart. Pure reference data (from the PCI spec; see https://wiki.osdev.org/PCI) — no
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//! hardware access — so it is shared by kernel discovery (the device-tree dump) and any
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//! user-space tool (a future lspci, driver matching).
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//!
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//! The taxonomy is named, not numbered (docs/coding-standards.md, "Named values"): the
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//! base class is a `BaseClass` enum, and each class with defined subclasses gets a
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//! namespace holding its `SubClass` enum (and, where the spec defines them, per-subclass
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//! `ProgIf` enums) — the same shape as `usb-ids.zig`. Code that *means* a specific class
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//! names it (`BaseClass.serial_bus`, `serial_bus.usb.ProgIf.xhci`) rather than writing a
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//! bare 0x0C/0x03/0x30. The `className`/`subclassName`/`progIfName` functions still take
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//! the raw bytes a function reports in its header, because that is what hardware hands us.
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const std = @import("std");
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/// The three bytes of a PCI class code, unpacked from the `0xCCSSPP` value discovery
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/// records in `Device.ids.pci_class` (CC = base class, SS = subclass, PP = prog-IF).
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pub const ClassCode = struct {
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base: u8, // class code (config offset 0x0B)
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subclass: u8, // subclass (0x0A)
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prog_if: u8, // programming interface (0x09)
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pub fn unpack(packed_code: u24) ClassCode {
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return .{
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.base = @intCast((packed_code >> 16) & 0xFF),
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.subclass = @intCast((packed_code >> 8) & 0xFF),
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.prog_if = @intCast(packed_code & 0xFF),
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};
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}
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/// Re-pack the triple into the `0xCCSSPP` form. Lets code name a whole class code
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/// from its parts — `pack(.{ .base = @intFromEnum(BaseClass.serial_bus), … })` —
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/// instead of writing the literal 0x0C0330.
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pub fn pack(self: ClassCode) u24 {
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return (@as(u24, self.base) << 16) | (@as(u24, self.subclass) << 8) | self.prog_if;
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}
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};
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/// Base class (config byte 0x0B). Non-exhaustive: an unlisted code is a real but
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/// unnamed class, decoded as "Unknown" rather than rejected.
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pub const BaseClass = enum(u8) {
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unclassified = 0x00,
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mass_storage = 0x01,
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network = 0x02,
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display = 0x03,
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multimedia = 0x04,
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memory = 0x05,
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bridge = 0x06,
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simple_communication = 0x07,
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base_system_peripheral = 0x08,
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input_device = 0x09,
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docking_station = 0x0A,
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processor = 0x0B,
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serial_bus = 0x0C,
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wireless = 0x0D,
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intelligent = 0x0E,
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satellite_communication = 0x0F,
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encryption = 0x10,
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signal_processing = 0x11,
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processing_accelerator = 0x12,
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non_essential_instrumentation = 0x13,
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co_processor = 0x40,
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unassigned = 0xFF,
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_,
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pub fn name(self: BaseClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.unclassified => "Unclassified",
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.mass_storage => "Mass Storage Controller",
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.network => "Network Controller",
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.display => "Display Controller",
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.multimedia => "Multimedia Controller",
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.memory => "Memory Controller",
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.bridge => "Bridge",
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.simple_communication => "Simple Communication Controller",
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.base_system_peripheral => "Base System Peripheral",
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.input_device => "Input Device Controller",
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.docking_station => "Docking Station",
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.processor => "Processor",
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.serial_bus => "Serial Bus Controller",
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.wireless => "Wireless Controller",
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.intelligent => "Intelligent Controller",
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.satellite_communication => "Satellite Communication Controller",
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.encryption => "Encryption Controller",
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.signal_processing => "Signal Processing Controller",
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.processing_accelerator => "Processing Accelerator",
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.non_essential_instrumentation => "Non-Essential Instrumentation",
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.co_processor => "Co-Processor",
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.unassigned => "Unassigned Class (Vendor specific)",
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_ => "Unknown",
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};
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}
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};
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// --- Per-class subclass (and prog-IF) taxonomies --------------------------------------
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// One namespace per base class that has defined subclasses, named after the class. Each
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// holds an exhaustive `SubClass` enum (so an unlisted code decodes to the class default,
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// not a wrong name), and, where the spec assigns them, per-subclass `ProgIf` enums.
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pub const mass_storage = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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scsi_bus = 0x00,
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ide = 0x01,
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floppy = 0x02,
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ipi_bus = 0x03,
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raid = 0x04,
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ata = 0x05,
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serial_ata = 0x06,
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serial_attached_scsi = 0x07,
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non_volatile_memory = 0x08,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.scsi_bus => "SCSI Bus Controller",
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.ide => "IDE Controller",
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.floppy => "Floppy Disk Controller",
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.ipi_bus => "IPI Bus Controller",
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.raid => "RAID Controller",
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.ata => "ATA Controller",
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.serial_ata => "Serial ATA Controller",
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.serial_attached_scsi => "Serial Attached SCSI Controller",
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.non_volatile_memory => "Non-Volatile Memory Controller",
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};
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}
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};
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pub const serial_ata = struct {
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pub const ProgIf = enum(u8) {
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vendor_specific = 0x00,
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ahci = 0x01,
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serial_storage_bus = 0x02,
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pub fn name(self: ProgIf) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.vendor_specific => "Vendor Specific Interface",
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.ahci => "AHCI 1.0",
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.serial_storage_bus => "Serial Storage Bus",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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pub const non_volatile_memory = struct {
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pub const ProgIf = enum(u8) {
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nvmhci = 0x01,
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nvm_express = 0x02,
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pub fn name(self: ProgIf) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.nvmhci => "NVMHCI",
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.nvm_express => "NVM Express",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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};
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pub const network = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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ethernet = 0x00,
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token_ring = 0x01,
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fddi = 0x02,
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atm = 0x03,
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isdn = 0x04,
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picmg_multi_computing = 0x06,
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infiniband = 0x07,
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fabric = 0x08,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.ethernet => "Ethernet Controller",
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.token_ring => "Token Ring Controller",
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.fddi => "FDDI Controller",
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.atm => "ATM Controller",
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.isdn => "ISDN Controller",
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.picmg_multi_computing => "PICMG 2.14 Multi Computing Controller",
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.infiniband => "Infiniband Controller",
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.fabric => "Fabric Controller",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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pub const display = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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vga_compatible = 0x00,
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xga = 0x01,
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three_dimensional = 0x02,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.vga_compatible => "VGA Compatible Controller",
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.xga => "XGA Controller",
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.three_dimensional => "3D Controller (Not VGA-Compatible)",
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};
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}
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};
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pub const vga_compatible = struct {
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pub const ProgIf = enum(u8) {
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vga = 0x00,
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compatible_8514 = 0x01,
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pub fn name(self: ProgIf) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.vga => "VGA Controller",
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.compatible_8514 => "8514-Compatible Controller",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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};
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pub const multimedia = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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video = 0x00,
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audio = 0x01,
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telephony = 0x02,
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audio_device = 0x03,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.video => "Multimedia Video Controller",
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.audio => "Multimedia Audio Controller",
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.telephony => "Computer Telephony Device",
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.audio_device => "Audio Device",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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pub const memory = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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ram = 0x00,
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flash = 0x01,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.ram => "RAM Controller",
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.flash => "Flash Controller",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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pub const bridge = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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host = 0x00,
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isa = 0x01,
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eisa = 0x02,
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mca = 0x03,
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pci_to_pci = 0x04,
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pcmcia = 0x05,
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nubus = 0x06,
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cardbus = 0x07,
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raceway = 0x08,
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pci_to_pci_semi_transparent = 0x09,
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infiniband_to_pci = 0x0A,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.host => "Host Bridge",
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.isa => "ISA Bridge",
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.eisa => "EISA Bridge",
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.mca => "MCA Bridge",
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.pci_to_pci => "PCI-to-PCI Bridge",
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.pcmcia => "PCMCIA Bridge",
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.nubus => "NuBus Bridge",
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.cardbus => "CardBus Bridge",
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.raceway => "RACEway Bridge",
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.pci_to_pci_semi_transparent => "PCI-to-PCI Bridge (Semi-Transparent)",
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.infiniband_to_pci => "InfiniBand-to-PCI Host Bridge",
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};
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}
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};
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pub const pci_to_pci = struct {
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pub const ProgIf = enum(u8) {
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normal_decode = 0x00,
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subtractive_decode = 0x01,
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pub fn name(self: ProgIf) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.normal_decode => "Normal Decode",
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.subtractive_decode => "Subtractive Decode",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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};
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pub const simple_communication = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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serial = 0x00,
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parallel = 0x01,
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multiport_serial = 0x02,
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modem = 0x03,
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gpib = 0x04,
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smart_card = 0x05,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.serial => "Serial Controller",
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.parallel => "Parallel Controller",
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.multiport_serial => "Multiport Serial Controller",
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.modem => "Modem",
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.gpib => "IEEE 488.1/2 (GPIB) Controller",
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.smart_card => "Smart Card Controller",
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};
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}
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};
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pub const serial = struct {
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pub const ProgIf = enum(u8) {
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compatible_8250 = 0x00,
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compatible_16450 = 0x01,
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compatible_16550 = 0x02,
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compatible_16650 = 0x03,
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compatible_16750 = 0x04,
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compatible_16850 = 0x05,
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compatible_16950 = 0x06,
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pub fn name(self: ProgIf) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.compatible_8250 => "8250-Compatible (Generic XT)",
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.compatible_16450 => "16450-Compatible",
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.compatible_16550 => "16550-Compatible",
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.compatible_16650 => "16650-Compatible",
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.compatible_16750 => "16750-Compatible",
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.compatible_16850 => "16850-Compatible",
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.compatible_16950 => "16950-Compatible",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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};
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pub const base_system_peripheral = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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pic = 0x00,
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dma = 0x01,
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timer = 0x02,
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rtc = 0x03,
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pci_hot_plug = 0x04,
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sd_host = 0x05,
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iommu = 0x06,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.pic => "PIC",
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.dma => "DMA Controller",
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.timer => "Timer",
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.rtc => "RTC Controller",
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.pci_hot_plug => "PCI Hot-Plug Controller",
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.sd_host => "SD Host Controller",
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.iommu => "IOMMU",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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pub const input_device = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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keyboard = 0x00,
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digitizer_pen = 0x01,
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mouse = 0x02,
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scanner = 0x03,
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gameport = 0x04,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.keyboard => "Keyboard Controller",
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.digitizer_pen => "Digitizer Pen",
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.mouse => "Mouse Controller",
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.scanner => "Scanner Controller",
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.gameport => "Gameport Controller",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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pub const serial_bus = struct {
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pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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firewire = 0x00,
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access_bus = 0x01,
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ssa = 0x02,
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usb = 0x03,
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fibre_channel = 0x04,
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smbus = 0x05,
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infiniband = 0x06,
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ipmi = 0x07,
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sercos = 0x08,
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canbus = 0x09,
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.firewire => "FireWire (IEEE 1394) Controller",
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.access_bus => "ACCESS Bus Controller",
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.ssa => "SSA",
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.usb => "USB Controller",
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.fibre_channel => "Fibre Channel",
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.smbus => "SMBus Controller",
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.infiniband => "InfiniBand Controller",
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.ipmi => "IPMI Interface",
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.sercos => "SERCOS Interface (IEC 61491)",
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.canbus => "CANbus Controller",
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};
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}
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};
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pub const usb = struct {
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pub const ProgIf = enum(u8) {
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uhci = 0x00,
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ohci = 0x10,
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ehci = 0x20,
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xhci = 0x30,
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unspecified = 0x80,
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device = 0xFE,
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pub fn name(self: ProgIf) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.uhci => "UHCI Controller",
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.ohci => "OHCI Controller",
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.ehci => "EHCI (USB2) Controller",
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.xhci => "XHCI (USB3) Controller",
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.unspecified => "Unspecified",
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.device => "USB Device (not a host controller)",
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};
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}
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};
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};
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|
};
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|
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pub const wireless = struct {
|
|
pub const SubClass = enum(u8) {
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irda = 0x00,
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|
consumer_ir = 0x01,
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rf = 0x10,
|
|
bluetooth = 0x11,
|
|
broadband = 0x12,
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|
ethernet_802_1a = 0x20,
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|
ethernet_802_1b = 0x21,
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|
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pub fn name(self: SubClass) []const u8 {
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return switch (self) {
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.irda => "iRDA Compatible Controller",
|
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.consumer_ir => "Consumer IR Controller",
|
|
.rf => "RF Controller",
|
|
.bluetooth => "Bluetooth Controller",
|
|
.broadband => "Broadband Controller",
|
|
.ethernet_802_1a => "Ethernet Controller (802.1a)",
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|
.ethernet_802_1b => "Ethernet Controller (802.1b)",
|
|
};
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
// --- Raw-byte decoding (what a function reports in its header) -------------------------
|
|
|
|
/// The name of an exhaustive class-code enum member, or null if `value` is not one — the
|
|
/// bridge from a raw config byte to a named taxonomy above.
|
|
fn enumName(comptime Enum: type, value: u8) ?[]const u8 {
|
|
return (std.enums.fromInt(Enum, value) orelse return null).name();
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|
}
|
|
|
|
/// Name of the base class (byte 0x0B), e.g. `0x06` -> "Bridge".
|
|
pub fn className(base: u8) []const u8 {
|
|
return @as(BaseClass, @enumFromInt(base)).name();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// Name of the subclass within its base class, e.g. `(0x06, 0x01)` -> "ISA Bridge".
|
|
/// Subclass `0x80` is "Other" by PCI convention; anything unlisted is "Unknown".
|
|
pub fn subclassName(base: u8, subclass: u8) []const u8 {
|
|
const named: ?[]const u8 = switch (@as(BaseClass, @enumFromInt(base))) {
|
|
.mass_storage => enumName(mass_storage.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.network => enumName(network.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.display => enumName(display.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.multimedia => enumName(multimedia.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.memory => enumName(memory.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.bridge => enumName(bridge.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.simple_communication => enumName(simple_communication.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.base_system_peripheral => enumName(base_system_peripheral.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.input_device => enumName(input_device.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.serial_bus => enumName(serial_bus.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
.wireless => enumName(wireless.SubClass, subclass),
|
|
else => null,
|
|
};
|
|
return named orelse defaultSubclass(subclass);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
fn defaultSubclass(subclass: u8) []const u8 {
|
|
return if (subclass == 0x80) "Other" else "Unknown";
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// Name of the programming interface, for the subclasses that define standard ones
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/// (IDE modes, SATA/AHCI, NVMe, PCI-bridge decode, UART generation, USB host type).
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/// Returns "" when the prog-IF carries no standard meaning for this class/subclass —
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/// callers just print the hex byte in that case.
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pub fn progIfName(base: u8, subclass: u8, prog_if: u8) []const u8 {
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const named: ?[]const u8 = switch (@as(BaseClass, @enumFromInt(base))) {
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.mass_storage => switch (std.enums.fromInt(mass_storage.SubClass, subclass) orelse return "") {
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.serial_ata => enumName(mass_storage.serial_ata.ProgIf, prog_if),
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.non_volatile_memory => enumName(mass_storage.non_volatile_memory.ProgIf, prog_if),
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else => null,
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},
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.display => switch (std.enums.fromInt(display.SubClass, subclass) orelse return "") {
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.vga_compatible => enumName(display.vga_compatible.ProgIf, prog_if),
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else => null,
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},
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.bridge => switch (std.enums.fromInt(bridge.SubClass, subclass) orelse return "") {
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.pci_to_pci => enumName(bridge.pci_to_pci.ProgIf, prog_if),
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else => null,
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},
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.simple_communication => switch (std.enums.fromInt(simple_communication.SubClass, subclass) orelse return "") {
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.serial => enumName(simple_communication.serial.ProgIf, prog_if),
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else => null,
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},
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.serial_bus => switch (std.enums.fromInt(serial_bus.SubClass, subclass) orelse return "") {
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.usb => enumName(serial_bus.usb.ProgIf, prog_if),
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else => null,
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},
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else => null,
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};
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return named orelse "";
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}
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test "decodes the common class codes" {
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const eq = std.testing.expectEqualStrings;
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const isa = ClassCode.unpack(0x06_01_00);
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try std.testing.expectEqual(@as(u8, 0x06), isa.base);
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try std.testing.expectEqual(@as(u8, 0x01), isa.subclass);
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try eq("Bridge", className(isa.base));
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try eq("ISA Bridge", subclassName(isa.base, isa.subclass));
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const ahci = ClassCode.unpack(0x01_06_01);
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try eq("Mass Storage Controller", className(ahci.base));
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try eq("Serial ATA Controller", subclassName(ahci.base, ahci.subclass));
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try eq("AHCI 1.0", progIfName(ahci.base, ahci.subclass, ahci.prog_if));
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const xhci = ClassCode.unpack(0x0C_03_30);
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try eq("Serial Bus Controller", className(xhci.base));
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try eq("USB Controller", subclassName(xhci.base, xhci.subclass));
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try eq("XHCI (USB3) Controller", progIfName(xhci.base, xhci.subclass, xhci.prog_if));
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}
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test "unlisted codes fall back without a wrong name" {
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const eq = std.testing.expectEqualStrings;
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try eq("Unknown", className(0x77)); // no such base class
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try eq("Other", subclassName(0x01, 0x80)); // 0x80 is the PCI "Other" convention
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try eq("Unknown", subclassName(0x01, 0x7A)); // unlisted mass-storage subclass
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try eq("", progIfName(0x01, 0x06, 0x7F)); // no standard SATA prog-IF for 0x7F
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try eq("", progIfName(0x02, 0x00, 0x00)); // class with no prog-IF taxonomy at all
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}
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test "named parts pack to the raw triple" {
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const xhci = ClassCode{
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.base = @intFromEnum(BaseClass.serial_bus),
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.subclass = @intFromEnum(serial_bus.SubClass.usb),
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.prog_if = @intFromEnum(serial_bus.usb.ProgIf.xhci),
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};
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try std.testing.expectEqual(@as(u24, 0x0C_03_30), xhci.pack());
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}
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