danos/system/drivers/usb-storage/usb-storage.zig

234 lines
10 KiB
Zig

//! USB mass-storage class driver (Bulk-Only Transport + transparent SCSI).
//!
//! Spawned by the device manager when the xHCI bus driver reports a mass-storage
//! / SCSI / bulk-only interface (class 8, subclass 6, protocol 0x50); its device
//! id arrives as argv[1]. It owns no hardware: it opens its device through the
//! USB transfer protocol (`usb`), then drives it with the BOT command
//! cycle — CBW out, an optional data stage, CSW in — carrying SCSI commands
//! (READ CAPACITY, READ(10), WRITE(10)). Upward it is a block device: it serves
//! the block protocol under `.block`, the storage a FAT filesystem sits on.
//!
//! Block data never crosses IPC: read/write name a caller-owned DMA buffer by
//! physical address, which the data stage DMAs straight to/from.
const std = @import("std");
const ipc = @import("ipc");
const process = @import("process");
const service = @import("service");
const time = @import("time");
const device_manager = @import("driver");
const memory = @import("memory");
const logging = @import("logging");
const usb = @import("usb");
const scsi = @import("scsi.zig");
const bot = @import("bulk-only-transport.zig");
const envelope = @import("envelope");
const block_protocol = @import("block-protocol");
/// The generated block dispatch. One device per process, so the handler context
/// is empty and the geometry stays in this file's globals.
const Serve = block_protocol.Protocol.Provider(void);
const Invocation = envelope.Invocation;
const Answer = envelope.Answer;
var device_id: u64 = 0;
var device: usb.Device = undefined;
var bulk_in: usb.Endpoint = undefined;
var bulk_out: usb.Endpoint = undefined;
// DMA buffers for the transport: the 31-byte CBW, the 13-byte CSW, and a page
// for the small command data (INQUIRY / READ CAPACITY / the self-check sector).
var command_wrapper: memory.DmaRegion = undefined;
var status_wrapper: memory.DmaRegion = undefined;
var command_data: memory.DmaRegion = undefined;
var next_tag: u32 = 1;
var block_size: u32 = 512;
var block_count: u64 = 0;
/// One Bulk-Only-Transport command: send the CBW, run the data stage (to/from
/// `data_physical`), read and validate the CSW. Returns true on a passed status.
fn transact(cdb: []const u8, direction_in: bool, data_physical: u64, data_length: u32) bool {
const tag = next_tag;
next_tag +%= 1;
const wrapper: *bot.CommandBlockWrapper = @ptrFromInt(command_wrapper.virtual);
wrapper.* = .{
.tag = tag,
.data_transfer_length = data_length,
.flags = if (direction_in) bot.flag_data_in else 0,
.lun = 0,
.cdb_length = @intCast(cdb.len),
};
@memcpy(wrapper.cdb[0..cdb.len], cdb);
if (device.bulk(bulk_out.address, command_wrapper.physical, @sizeOf(bot.CommandBlockWrapper)) == null) return false;
if (data_length > 0) {
const endpoint = if (direction_in) bulk_in.address else bulk_out.address;
if (device.bulk(endpoint, data_physical, data_length) == null) return false;
}
if (device.bulk(bulk_in.address, status_wrapper.physical, @sizeOf(bot.CommandStatusWrapper)) == null) return false;
const status: *const bot.CommandStatusWrapper = @ptrFromInt(status_wrapper.virtual);
if (status.signature != bot.csw_signature or status.tag != tag) return false;
return status.status == @intFromEnum(bot.CommandStatus.passed);
}
/// Set when bring-up failed with the device PRESENT (an opened device that then
/// failed a step): main exits nonzero, and the device manager restarts us with
/// backoff — a transient failure heals instead of leaving storage down forever.
/// Device-absent paths stay clean exits: nothing to serve, nothing to retry.
var bring_up_failed = false;
fn initialise(endpoint: ipc.Handle) bool {
_ = endpoint;
if (device_manager.hello(.device, device_id) == null) return false;
device = usb.open(device_id) orelse {
std.log.info("could not open device {d}", .{device_id});
return false;
};
bulk_in = device.findEndpoint(usb.transfer_type_bulk, true) orelse {
_ = logging.write("/system/drivers/usb-storage: no bulk-IN endpoint\n");
bring_up_failed = true;
return false;
};
bulk_out = device.findEndpoint(usb.transfer_type_bulk, false) orelse {
_ = logging.write("/system/drivers/usb-storage: no bulk-OUT endpoint\n");
bring_up_failed = true;
return false;
};
// Shareable, so each buffer's capability can be handed to the controller: usb-storage
// owns no device, so its buffers are not auto-bound anywhere — the controller reaches
// them only once attached. (No-op binding when no IOMMU is enforcing.)
command_wrapper = memory.dmaAlloc(4096, memory.dma_coherent | memory.dma_shareable) orelse return false;
status_wrapper = memory.dmaAlloc(4096, memory.dma_coherent | memory.dma_shareable) orelse return false;
command_data = memory.dmaAlloc(4096, memory.dma_coherent | memory.dma_shareable) orelse return false;
for ([_]memory.DmaRegion{ command_wrapper, status_wrapper, command_data }) |region| {
if (region.handle) |handle| {
if (!device.attachDma(handle)) {
_ = logging.write("/system/drivers/usb-storage: could not attach a DMA buffer to the controller\n");
bring_up_failed = true;
return false;
}
_ = ipc.close(handle); // the binding holds its own reference now
}
}
// Bring the LUN up: wait for it to be ready (clearing the initial unit-attention
// with REQUEST SENSE), identify it, and read its capacity.
var tries: u32 = 0;
while (tries < 10) : (tries += 1) {
const ready = scsi.testUnitReady();
if (transact(&ready, false, 0, 0)) break;
const sense = scsi.requestSense(18);
_ = transact(&sense, true, command_data.physical, 18);
time.sleepMillis(50);
}
const inquiry = scsi.inquiry(36);
_ = transact(&inquiry, true, command_data.physical, 36);
const capacity_command = scsi.readCapacity10();
if (!transact(&capacity_command, true, command_data.physical, 8)) {
_ = logging.write("/system/drivers/usb-storage: READ CAPACITY failed\n");
bring_up_failed = true;
return false;
}
var capacity_bytes: [8]u8 = undefined;
const capacity_source: [*]const u8 = @ptrFromInt(command_data.virtual);
@memcpy(&capacity_bytes, capacity_source[0..8]);
const capacity = scsi.parseCapacity(capacity_bytes);
block_size = capacity.block_size;
block_count = @as(u64, capacity.last_lba) + 1;
std.log.info("ready ({d} blocks x {d} bytes)", .{ block_count, block_size });
// Self-check: read block 0 and log its trailing signature (0x55AA for a boot
// sector) — proof READ(10) works end to end over the bulk path.
const read0 = scsi.read10(0, 1);
if (block_size <= 4096 and transact(&read0, true, command_data.physical, block_size)) {
const sector: [*]const u8 = @ptrFromInt(command_data.virtual);
std.log.info("block 0 signature 0x{x:0>2}{x:0>2}", .{ sector[510], sector[511] });
}
return true;
}
// --- serving the block protocol ---------------------------------------------
//
// Geometry, and whole-block read/write to and from the caller's DMA buffer
// (named by physical address). One device per process, so `Header.target` is
// always 0 and no handler reads it.
/// A transfer the device refused. Every failure here is the same one — the SCSI
/// command did not complete — so there is one errno for all of them.
const refused: isize = -envelope.ENOENT;
fn onGeometry(_: void, _: Invocation(void), answer: Answer(block_protocol.Geometry)) isize {
answer.set(.{ .block_size = block_size, .block_count = block_count });
return 0;
}
fn onRead(_: void, invocation: Invocation(block_protocol.Transfer), answer: Answer(block_protocol.Transferred)) isize {
const request = invocation.request;
const cdb = scsi.read10(@intCast(request.lba), @intCast(request.count));
if (!transact(&cdb, true, request.physical, request.count * block_size)) return refused;
answer.set(.{ .count = request.count });
return 0;
}
fn onWrite(_: void, invocation: Invocation(block_protocol.Transfer), answer: Answer(block_protocol.Transferred)) isize {
const request = invocation.request;
const cdb = scsi.write10(@intCast(request.lba), @intCast(request.count));
if (!transact(&cdb, false, request.physical, request.count * block_size)) return refused;
answer.set(.{ .count = request.count });
return 0;
}
/// SYNCHRONIZE CACHE: commit the device's write cache to flash. No data stage.
/// Makes prior writes durable before a caller (init at shutdown) cuts power. A
/// device without a volatile cache reports success anyway.
fn onFlush(_: void, _: Invocation(void), _: Answer(void)) isize {
const cdb = scsi.synchronizeCache10();
return if (transact(&cdb, false, 0, 0)) 0 else refused;
}
/// The filesystem's DMA buffer: forward its capability to the controller so the
/// device can reach it. Never claimed — the binding holds its own reference, so
/// our copy is the turn's to close, on this path and on the refusal alike.
fn onAttach(_: void, invocation: Invocation(void), _: Answer(void)) isize {
const handle = invocation.capability orelse return -envelope.EPROTO;
return if (device.attachDma(handle)) 0 else refused;
}
const handlers = Serve.Handlers{
.geometry = onGeometry,
.read = onRead,
.write = onWrite,
.flush = onFlush,
.attach = onAttach,
};
fn onMessage(message: []const u8, reply: []u8, sender: u32, arrived: *ipc.Arrival) usize {
// Peeked, never taken: `attach` forwards the capability and the controller's
// binding takes its own reference, so this copy stays the turn's to close.
return Serve.dispatch({}, handlers, message, sender, arrived.peek(), reply);
}
pub fn main(init: process.Init) void {
const argument = init.arguments.get(1) orelse {
_ = logging.write("/system/drivers/usb-storage: missing device id (argv[1])\n");
return;
};
device_id = std.fmt.parseInt(u64, argument, 10) catch {
std.log.info("malformed device id '{s}'", .{argument});
return;
};
service.run(block_protocol.message_maximum, .{
.service = "block",
.init = initialise,
.on_message = onMessage,
});
// A failure exit (nonzero -> .aborted) tells the device manager to restart
// us with backoff; a clean return means there was nothing to serve.
if (bring_up_failed) process.exit(1);
}